{"id":"W2049753749","doi":"10.1029/2002ja009242","title":"Detailed analysis of substorm observations using SuperDARN, UVI, ground‐based magnetometers, and all‐sky imagers","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","topic":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Substorm; Magnetometer; Physics; Geophysics; Sky; Brightness; Photometer; Plasma; Astrophysics; Magnetic field; Geology; Magnetosphere; Astronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00090171,0.0002399411,0.0007137221,0.00009054515,0.0002030954,0.0001303067,0.000340726,0.00007570731,0.001096574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001893613,0.0002064204,0.0005133604,0.001918084,0.0003606449,0.0004943976,0.00006768121,0.0005943657,0.000005017213],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001032885,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004749902,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001500486,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002214432,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9970749,0.0003960576,0.0007212267,0.000274226,0.000944,0.0005896165],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969968,0.0008632907,0.0003724273,0.0003401408,0.001097771,0.0003295246],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006631668,0.002380776,0.8388242,0.000145394,0.008181053,0.00007711961,0.0008136686,0.0102021,0.08113838,0.04419875,0.00161764,0.01175778],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006390503,0.003198122,0.7661178,0.000219684,0.005586589,0.00001134786,0.007238094,0.1699499,0.008696487,0.0232279,0.007949035,0.001414556],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9925061,0.0002938801,0.005615813,0.00009016624,0.0000934749,0.0001690399,0.00002399124,0.000006631424,0.001200888],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9837202,0.00002043606,0.01565117,0.00003332606,0.0001431016,0.000005137256,0.00001424761,0.00002958246,0.0003828405],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1597478,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998165,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04883842242810663,"score_gpt":0.3237927954466001,"score_spread":0.2749543730184934,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}