{"id":"W2049753948","doi":"10.1680/geot.2008.58.4.249","title":"Spatial variation of void ratio and shear band thickness in sand using X-ray computed tomography","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Géotechnique","topic":"Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures","field":"Engineering","cited_by":103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Marshall Space Flight Center","keywords":"Void ratio; Shearing (physics); Materials science; Void (composites); Shear (geology); Shear band; Tomography; Composite material; Shear stress; Principal stress; Computed tomography; Geotechnical engineering; Optics; Geology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001129926,0.0001275663,0.0002001569,0.0002107247,0.0000402379,0.00001027163,0.00006703036,0.0001960698,0.000005078728],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001705745,0.00013173,0.00003177156,0.0002844422,0.00005064856,0.00007379063,0.00001500493,0.0002344608,1.420269e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002435696,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001329087,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003496931,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002385423,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993718,0.000021804,0.000226636,0.0001297993,0.0001035585,0.0001463926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997351,0.00003990521,0.00002646553,0.0001356753,0.00002471838,0.00003815997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000152251,0.00002168693,0.0009631802,0.0001652395,0.00001910003,0.00001183609,0.0003650518,0.7056208,0.2909599,0.0005032743,0.00002640462,0.001328283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007290186,0.00008966033,0.254486,0.0001636714,0.00001872622,0.0001141962,0.00001160074,0.6759216,0.06578394,0.002084099,0.0001425529,0.0004549475],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3917299,0.0001024645,0.6077027,0.00001076944,0.00006031937,0.0001194616,0.000003055929,0.0001980009,0.00007330995],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9811044,0.0000470863,0.01877414,0.000008553881,0.00003443002,0.00000729826,0.000004345572,0.00001812372,0.000001563249],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.5893745,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5371795,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007909839054984831,"score_gpt":0.1952685374294658,"score_spread":0.187358698374481,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}