{"id":"W2049781136","doi":"10.1021/es1024838","title":"Sky-Scattered Solar Radiation Based Plume Transmissivity Measurement to Quantify Soot Emissions from Flares","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues","field":"Energy","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Plume; Soot; Sky; Environmental science; Flare; Mass concentration (chemistry); Atmospheric sciences; Remote sensing; Meteorology; Physics; Combustion; Astrophysics; Chemistry; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004930004,0.000326634,0.0002871037,0.0004291423,0.0006433168,0.00006829156,0.0009197291,0.0003145154,0.001864592],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009655935,0.0003123806,0.00009488341,0.0005399097,0.00140835,0.0003301136,0.000229013,0.0004699746,0.000861784],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004558339,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004988051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008717874,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007526577,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969426,0.00004569246,0.0003495227,0.0009580739,0.0009680426,0.0007360472],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987093,0.00002983361,0.000108519,0.0007674436,0.000006836126,0.0003781347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000177801,0.0002559971,0.01765264,0.000002173874,0.000009563671,0.000007302916,0.0002686188,0.0003798073,0.9128014,0.00008917525,0.0001080495,0.06840745],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005188329,0.0001628294,0.1281998,0.00001690498,0.00002676092,0.00000433999,0.0004587716,0.0007764253,0.8130742,0.0008244955,0.05552229,0.0004143274],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9920816,0.0001339606,0.001904137,0.003930449,0.000472259,0.0003166128,0.00004581946,0.000256869,0.0008583144],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9952636,0.00003071608,0.003985817,0.0003859876,0.00006568809,0.00007089134,0.00003102309,0.00003527986,0.0001309394],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1105471,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999328,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01197145872644954,"score_gpt":0.2260528748668297,"score_spread":0.2140814161403802,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}