{"id":"W2050432974","doi":"10.1115/1.2035704","title":"k ‐ ϵ Model for the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Under Various Thermal Stratifications","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Solar Energy Engineering","topic":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":100,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"École de Technologie Supérieure","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs; Canadian Natural Resources Limited","keywords":"Buoyancy; Turbulence; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Planetary boundary layer; Closure (psychology); Meteorology; Statistical physics; Mathematics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001378663,0.00008341986,0.00008946731,0.000005515758,0.0001618898,0.00003359142,0.0001660229,0.00002815611,0.00005725166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001091095,0.00005456208,0.00008685013,0.00006745823,0.00002913692,0.0001997666,0.00003208668,0.00009971583,0.000003971079],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007169616,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000157581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009053739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002366554,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994547,0.000004793874,0.0001826518,0.00006495433,0.0001439193,0.0001490118],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999729,0.00005728809,0.00006774656,0.00009112532,0.00001242818,0.00004234736],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003295018,0.00002185901,0.00008065381,0.000001308655,0.00003840153,5.83277e-7,0.0001714539,0.9771887,0.01521377,0.0005193198,0.0006460859,0.006114572],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001442444,0.00002069989,0.00361155,0.000006240519,0.00002577563,0.00001286653,0.00004525919,0.9617528,0.0005724555,0.0001146031,0.0336142,0.0000793268],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1313851,0.00121527,0.865039,0.001721955,0.0001916863,0.00004260112,0.000002195182,0.00001746228,0.000384731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807417,0.00007454176,0.01804407,0.0001478975,0.0002634625,0.000005842875,2.869221e-7,0.00001369913,0.0007084738],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8493567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2224977,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01269605594629999,"score_gpt":0.2047670052829028,"score_spread":0.1920709493366028,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}