{"id":"W2050439739","doi":"10.3758/mc.38.4.485","title":"Conditional reasoning, frequency of counterexamples, and the effect of response modality","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Memory & Cognition","topic":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":33,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Categorical variable; Psychology; Geiger counter; Probabilistic logic; Set (abstract data type); Modality (human–computer interaction); Frequency; Response bias; Cognitive psychology; Counterexample; Mode (computer interface); Information processing; Certainty; Response time; Statistics; Social psychology; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Discrete mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0197697,0.0007056877,0.001495783,0.001451071,0.0005850816,0.004474699,0.00181484,0.003674118,0.01261238],"category_scores_gemma":[0.2925529,0.001020249,0.001071948,0.0008563375,0.002564652,0.00588629,0.002255756,0.004429057,0.0006328889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006042602,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009015842,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009819528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008093262,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9903746,0.005387176,0.0007832762,0.001618461,0.001198659,0.0006378919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.3796516,0.5745482,0.02037042,0.01822873,0.002534947,0.004666017],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.08273205,0.01073263,0.5815689,0.001112172,0.003576007,0.002235231,0.002974961,0.04638799,0.09421667,0.02923435,0.00272782,0.1425013],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00214866,0.005673967,0.6674401,0.0002031809,0.001979745,0.003000206,0.0008785,0.1233464,0.01186294,0.1813614,0.00163529,0.0004696523],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898197,0.0004135575,0.005110993,0.0003958899,0.00004110738,0.00004165124,0.0001662445,0.0001003933,0.00391045],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964859,0.0001579704,0.00217417,0.0001191071,0.00008706395,0.00004208503,0.000144267,0.00008194812,0.0007073404],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0197697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1045534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04273554515759206,"score_gpt":0.3620443540357183,"score_spread":0.3193088088781262,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}