{"id":"W2050483624","doi":"10.1890/11-1061.1","title":"Grassland restoration with and without fire: evidence from a tree‐removal experiment","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Ecological Applications","topic":"Fire effects on ecosystems","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Ruderal species; Species richness; Vegetation (pathology); Ecology; Grassland; Pinus contorta; Forest restoration; Environmental science; Exclosure; Biodiversity; Slash (logging); Habitat; Biology; Agronomy; Forest ecology; Ecosystem; Grazing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001420626,0.0001168256,0.0001279195,0.000009170501,0.0001550101,0.00002494613,0.0001606342,0.00006926456,0.0009966138],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002964098,0.00008174163,0.000016682,0.0001338771,0.0001703702,0.0001759025,0.00009309255,0.00007895391,0.0004984541],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001096887,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007029777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008709514,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001170521,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990762,0.00006406448,0.0001500311,0.0003931377,0.0001579607,0.0001585812],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994049,0.0001235673,0.00008050742,0.0002733416,0.000006495075,0.0001112052],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001156146,0.0005539444,0.9515473,0.000007395238,0.00002333979,0.00001113602,0.001073326,0.00001697532,0.02369796,0.000371318,0.001495301,0.02108637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002432114,0.0003099958,0.9908469,0.00001330048,0.00001808605,0.00001514582,0.00004596358,0.002045833,0.001766041,0.0006474984,0.003880539,0.000167448],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9900687,0.0001041369,0.004380836,0.000164015,0.00001966966,0.0008014239,0.000004618509,0.00008258376,0.004374021],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.984833,0.00001797047,0.01379232,0.00006153799,0.00003289463,0.001072037,0.00000648991,0.000008048456,0.0001757253],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03929962,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999166,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0284836271003897,"score_gpt":0.2432299285925459,"score_spread":0.2147463014921562,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}