{"id":"W2051094225","doi":"10.1016/s0920-4105(01)00111-5","title":"Modeling forced versus spontaneous capillary imbibition processes commonly occurring in porous sediments","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Alberta; University of Minnesota","keywords":"Imbibition; Wetting; Capillary action; Porous medium; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Porosity; Petroleum engineering; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001541914,0.0003192827,0.0003503328,0.0002680432,0.0003578752,0.0008024969,0.0007049573,0.001371435,0.001240477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001256357,0.0002686787,0.0004211096,0.000255376,0.0004974493,0.001007448,0.0003936161,0.0004824361,0.0001127265],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007969931,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008134259,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01285029,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00772089,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999412,0.000007709276,0.000003740355,0.00001498325,0.0000105876,0.00002179396],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994011,0.0004006743,0.00007941579,0.0000286476,0.00004633661,0.00004374595],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000525917,0.00006453614,0.001766541,0.0000352955,0.00001155161,0.0001112077,0.00001779568,0.9847151,0.007559293,0.00364167,0.00007659831,0.001947726],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007388318,0.00001202868,0.0003258093,8.711666e-7,0.000003290314,0.00000692189,0.000008564577,0.9980788,0.001240847,0.0002704443,0.00004227686,0.000002771558],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.976284,0.0001731443,0.01919381,0.000143144,0.00002839793,0.00003186854,0.0001312903,0.00009190741,0.003922374],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970599,0.00008852704,0.001616569,0.000007852271,0.000006987291,0.00001556993,0.00003274448,0.00001022668,0.001161579],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01285029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02555096,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009922242862080675,"score_gpt":0.2251068651093829,"score_spread":0.2151846222473022,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}