{"id":"W2051884302","doi":"10.1255/ejms.692","title":"Prediction of the Charge States of Folded Proteins in Electrospray Ionization","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Mass Spectrometry","topic":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Imperial College London","keywords":"Lysozyme; Chemistry; Charge (physics); Electrospray ionization; Ionization; Residue (chemistry); Work (physics); Mass spectrometry; Crystallography; Chemical physics; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Biochemistry; Chromatography; Physics; Thermodynamics; Ion; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006910076,0.000142869,0.0002829084,0.0003190593,0.00004681532,0.00001559356,0.0004819388,0.00004232638,0.0006999149],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001271785,0.0001088615,0.0001706977,0.001064511,0.00007079725,0.0001161105,0.00004797389,0.0004312459,0.000002633533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002018868,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008231431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000008470116,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001596034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982604,0.00008657658,0.0008757989,0.0001473378,0.000420428,0.0002094659],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983389,0.00002713128,0.001057161,0.00034654,0.0001756704,0.00005464862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004002992,0.0002886362,0.009711211,0.00007994619,0.00004057074,0.00000791205,0.0001166156,0.0001272583,0.9809074,0.00840542,0.00008133108,0.0001936817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001014014,0.0003100048,0.02120469,0.0002370629,0.00003164176,0.0000461401,0.00007087866,0.00003521698,0.9718953,0.004600904,0.0004631383,0.00009102903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9591804,0.0002792089,0.01895424,0.0005936847,0.00006057104,0.0001953116,0.00004955965,0.00003662926,0.02065044],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900187,0.0002288435,0.009431574,0.00001334022,0.0001260396,0.000002974443,0.000007180465,0.00003275968,0.0001385871],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03083834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7663577,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0104605028785587,"score_gpt":0.2136037998451089,"score_spread":0.2031432969665502,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}