{"id":"W2052719285","doi":"10.1016/j.apenergy.2008.11.005","title":"Economic sensitivity of wood biomass utilization for greenhouse heating application","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Energy","topic":"Forest Biomass Utilization and Management","field":"Engineering","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Boiler (water heating); Environmental science; Greenhouse; Greenhouse gas; Waste management; Coal; Heat of combustion; Fossil fuel; Wood fuel; Renewable energy; Pulp and paper industry; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Agricultural engineering; Agronomy; Chemistry; Ecology; Combustion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007555185,0.0001004081,0.0001246768,0.00008694985,0.00005289726,0.000004774372,0.00004863057,0.00005526536,0.000006689882],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000002763711,0.0001156977,0.00003585865,0.0001055514,0.00002919633,0.0000434117,0.00001774094,0.00001454045,0.000006795817],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005320408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008330507,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001010915,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003839186,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994686,0.000006693136,0.0001967815,0.000141839,0.00005737173,0.0001286926],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996998,0.00003058938,0.0000477436,0.0001717336,0.00001783828,0.00003226534],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003685446,0.00008920122,0.0006707814,0.0002578603,0.0001168004,0.000001179544,0.0002000665,0.2494249,0.134409,0.5457099,0.003001803,0.06608161],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007335031,0.00002635431,0.001509234,0.000007315208,0.0000220065,0.000003657214,0.00004576976,0.6354784,0.3139438,0.001018071,0.04692641,0.0002854562],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1579122,0.0000413859,0.835082,0.00001102144,0.00008870474,0.0001945439,0.00001331167,0.0002779703,0.006378874],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978428,0.00005718582,0.001697621,0.00002258278,0.00004946095,0.0001104807,0.0001281987,0.00003153798,0.00006008979],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8399307,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4718014,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01652843108866393,"score_gpt":0.2101747560895117,"score_spread":0.1936463250008477,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}