{"id":"W2052802498","doi":"10.1109/jproc.2009.2030235","title":"Multilevel Converters: An Enabling Technology for High-Power Applications","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the IEEE","topic":"Multilevel Inverters and Converters","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1179,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Converters; Power electronics; Field (mathematics); Power (physics); State (computer science); Computer science; Electronics; Network topology; Electrical engineering; Electronic engineering; Engineering; Systems engineering; Voltage","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00007224458,0.0001480963,0.0001806517,0.0001147213,0.00008210315,0.00002741686,0.0004984355,0.0001191474,0.000007710108],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001228662,0.0001201347,0.00006676336,0.0001781848,0.00006041733,0.0002036875,0.00001566617,0.0001178007,0.000004754596],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003698987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000008311339,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003650097,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.467956e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992496,8.100839e-7,0.0002180193,0.0001876589,0.0001029046,0.0002410359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999569,0.0000138284,0.0000670052,0.0001548514,0.0001471645,0.0000481654],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003072548,0.0001156013,0.0003965586,0.0001888918,0.00008053714,1.197184e-7,0.0008051416,0.00017799,0.7401437,0.01734959,0.004792941,0.2359182],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001243946,0.0001772069,0.001420625,0.0001134248,0.00007122268,0.000008862237,0.0007736685,0.2520208,0.716248,0.02099347,0.006429549,0.0004992108],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8724997,0.0002016386,0.119405,0.001549162,0.001056985,0.002345961,0.00006152476,0.00113403,0.001745993],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9962595,0.00001029026,0.003181191,0.0002265902,0.00006351281,0.0001462833,0.000001130621,0.00002447765,0.00008705936],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2518428,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4898952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01098881268533729,"score_gpt":0.221011209082956,"score_spread":0.2100223963976187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}