{"id":"W2053289207","doi":"10.1115/icone17-75629","title":"Measurement of Natural Circulation Two-Phase Flow by Hybrid Doppler Contrapropagating and Pulse Echo Ultrasonic Techniques","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Volume 3: Thermal Hydraulics; Current Advanced Reactors: Plant Design, Construction, Workforce and Public Acceptance","topic":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University; McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; International Atomic Energy Agency","keywords":"Natural circulation; Two-phase flow; Mechanics; Slug flow; Ultrasonic flow meter; Materials science; Volumetric flow rate; Mass flow meter; Flow measurement; Flow (mathematics); Bubble; Ultrasonic sensor; Acoustics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005398968,0.0005069646,0.0005760794,0.0002442365,0.0002343435,0.0001734307,0.0002151912,0.0001089552,0.00003976445],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009734799,0.0004799146,0.000124778,0.0004352879,0.0001749037,0.001261405,0.00001725322,0.000458473,0.000001451701],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001397674,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005147378,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006774855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000009775772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974024,0.0001155851,0.0007570406,0.0005198589,0.0006196774,0.0005854517],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987904,0.00005993625,0.0003308869,0.0003013984,0.0003040213,0.0002133814],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007931977,0.00007452636,0.003373395,0.00006247166,0.0001005097,0.000001776124,0.00008952958,0.001933223,0.2215703,0.000061207,0.0002374388,0.7724164],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008954121,0.0005556683,0.005663989,0.002095157,0.000621695,0.0003332242,0.0005331114,0.6978579,0.263474,0.0009646715,0.01531141,0.003635111],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7672672,0.02233038,0.2070151,0.00013875,0.0007934373,0.001174083,0.0001214203,0.0007056216,0.0004539533],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9938252,0.002005613,0.003676879,0.00002362329,0.0002025964,0.00004017969,0.0001764037,0.00003995468,0.000009528138],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7687812,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997653,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01463678245740006,"score_gpt":0.2318532736264377,"score_spread":0.2172164911690377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}