{"id":"W2053307472","doi":"10.1093/pq/pqu076","title":"ONLY POWERS CAN CONFER DISPOSITIONS","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Philosophical Quarterly","topic":"Philosophy and Theoretical Science","field":"Psychology","cited_by":44,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Popularity; Property (philosophy); Power (physics); Epistemology; Realism; Law and economics; Economics; Philosophy; Law; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.000503085,0.0001954383,0.000206634,0.00004619808,0.0003404268,0.00005957853,0.0007058067,0.0001269094,0.00145633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004721508,0.0001239349,0.0001417934,0.0002535112,0.001092376,0.00006512585,0.00002946979,0.0004301428,0.00184919],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002213329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000225633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006448719,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002098558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981169,0.0004130962,0.0002638557,0.0004044125,0.000300776,0.0005009488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983869,0.000460066,0.00006152875,0.0007582873,0.00004607422,0.0002871718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005249594,0.0001478781,0.00003886749,0.000001646348,0.0000252018,0.000007173529,0.001431846,5.357426e-7,0.0001665951,0.9920079,0.0001622963,0.00595755],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003699432,0.0007375246,0.005284422,0.000009462514,0.00003289013,0.00005137009,0.00009934635,0.00007719707,0.000009448513,0.9912533,0.001881175,0.0001939576],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1077641,0.00002315853,0.002474269,0.2936878,0.0007681641,0.0002417907,0.00004058279,0.0001671126,0.5948331],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926272,4.4404e-7,0.00002878995,0.006155416,0.0008403093,0.00003184081,0.000008594907,0.0000183066,0.0002890837],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8848631,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01701755659632519,"score_gpt":0.2829806154926726,"score_spread":0.2659630588963474,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}