{"id":"W2053319475","doi":"10.1002/cjce.21835","title":"Role of asphaltenes in stabilisation of water in crude oil emulsions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Asphaltene; Emulsion; Pulmonary surfactant; Amphiphile; Steric effects; Chemical engineering; Rheology; Aggregate (composite); Materials science; Crude oil; Oil droplet; Organic chemistry; Chemistry; Chromatography; Petroleum engineering; Nanotechnology; Composite material; Geology; Copolymer","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001433963,0.00006328494,0.0001865906,0.0001456217,0.000009365205,0.00001031346,0.0001747978,0.00005518376,0.0001681321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001355163,0.0000427531,0.00005905608,0.0001168009,0.00003285095,0.00007593442,0.00000765517,0.0002129978,7.267016e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009956171,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009767026,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005665309,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008518238,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993207,0.00000552071,0.0003591741,0.00004558378,0.0001039139,0.0001651202],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999606,0.0000437782,0.0000783744,0.00008537353,0.00007347501,0.0001129611],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002245696,0.000007574769,0.001884067,0.00005583912,0.00001168844,0.000001662949,0.0005560291,0.01200384,0.9833518,0.000007383362,0.000002153621,0.00211567],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001879682,0.000003048905,0.000335771,0.0002189007,0.00001262609,0.000006999783,0.0001450058,0.009177836,0.9896829,0.0001146829,0.00005981043,0.00005451194],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9989852,0.0003776224,0.000004160347,0.0002300262,0.00001021897,0.000002211483,0.00000185044,0.000001710491,0.0003870401],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9998103,0.000003411495,0.0000944487,0.000005349718,0.00003336154,0.000001529081,0.000001338008,0.000007419925,0.00004278379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006330993,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8564291,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004921475812660788,"score_gpt":0.17705323705312,"score_spread":0.1721317612404592,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}