{"id":"W2053584372","doi":"10.4236/opj.2012.24037","title":"Fully On-Chip Integrated Photodetector Front-End Dedicated to Real-Time Portable Optical Brain Imaging","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics and Photonics Journal","topic":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Polytechnique Montréal","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; CMC Microsystems; Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Transimpedance amplifier; Avalanche photodiode; Photodetector; CMOS; Optoelectronics; Photon counting; Dead time; Front and back ends; Silicon photomultiplier; Physics; Photodiode; Amplifier; Bandwidth (computing); Analog front-end; Optics; Materials science; Detector; Computer science; Operational amplifier; Scintillator; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004686634,0.0003174818,0.0003704692,0.0001425258,0.0003294404,0.0002341058,0.0002486479,0.000095959,0.0005473674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001511019,0.0002646478,0.0001016297,0.0001986376,0.0001457224,0.0002200254,0.0001470801,0.0008462631,0.0001130757],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008867252,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009007646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004547217,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001783593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981115,0.00003856694,0.0004140323,0.0002846316,0.0002939117,0.0008573509],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985301,0.0002251822,0.0001616927,0.0003131787,0.0001462588,0.0006235937],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009964339,0.001914162,0.03207125,0.00003691348,0.0008990093,0.000220916,0.001335312,0.001974425,0.6379074,0.1431213,0.02045885,0.1590641],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009988685,0.003019569,0.01121649,0.001345828,0.0008654624,0.001349552,0.004297037,0.2193839,0.4547567,0.1232554,0.1635922,0.006929094],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9630836,0.0001047443,0.01479361,0.00183601,0.0003285043,0.000245458,0.0000480842,0.0001303715,0.01942958],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.894183,0.00003752593,0.1046889,0.0002751419,0.000216772,0.000007374447,0.00001843688,0.00005493765,0.0005178644],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2174095,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999806,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008309504334525758,"score_gpt":0.2493192724956579,"score_spread":0.2410097681611321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}