{"id":"W2054391580","doi":"10.1111/j.1469-5812.2008.00483.x","title":"Philosophy, Critical Thinking and Philosophy for Children","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Philosophy and Theory","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":160,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Philosophy for Children; Critical thinking; CONTEST; Epistemology; Philosophy of education; Sociology; Cognition; Parallel thinking; Pedagogy; Psychology; Philosophy; Critical systems thinking; Higher education","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004143689,0.0006374643,0.000510407,0.001692462,0.003507001,0.006574537,0.0006213499,0.003587444,0.004613871],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00548936,0.0002144679,0.0002896758,0.002035885,0.03553683,0.006206852,0.003568528,0.007368036,0.0008514192],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00574206,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005357342,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003959625,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003012747,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9967664,0.001880017,0.0001402554,0.0003474827,0.0005847659,0.0002811335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954093,0.003065118,0.0005890692,0.0002273895,0.0003563365,0.000352812],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000005603777,0.00001037988,0.0002212026,0.0001217336,0.000003528115,0.00004890314,0.00558582,0.00005341435,0.00006099063,0.9738547,0.009242582,0.01079118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008716161,0.00001452227,0.0006140615,0.0003959504,0.000004245135,0.0002706274,0.002232101,0.00005757666,0.0001186276,0.636554,0.3597188,0.00001070064],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01464021,0.274492,0.02132077,0.1882621,0.003813406,0.0001089908,0.0001777855,0.0001288578,0.4970559],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6776994,0.1767333,0.02496659,0.03729066,0.005767823,0.0004448985,0.0002013739,0.0002055133,0.0766904],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006574537,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04166174,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.026749595777139,"score_gpt":0.336902427585511,"score_spread":0.310152831808372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}