{"id":"W2055009717","doi":"10.1007/s11947-009-0266-z","title":"Pulsed Electric Field-Induced Structural Modification of Whey Protein Isolate","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Food and Bioprocess Technology","topic":"Microbial Inactivation Methods","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":122,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Whey protein isolate; Chemistry; Whey protein; Denaturation (fissile materials); Fluorescence; Tryptophan; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Chromatography; Biophysics; Biochemistry; Nuclear chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006930315,0.0001070386,0.0001326485,0.0001405025,0.00004767044,0.000008132361,0.0001518318,0.0003335553,0.000003862703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001074166,0.00009649139,0.00002399296,0.0003051682,0.00001817119,0.000005259979,0.0000299152,0.000106835,4.643734e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005420178,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002938589,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004354521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003230701,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993601,0.00001740986,0.0001747382,0.0002520202,0.0000438793,0.000151855],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995458,0.000002463082,0.0001210654,0.0001987379,0.0001099749,0.00002200646],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006149647,0.00001768144,0.00007567446,0.00001849254,0.00001149361,1.545629e-7,0.000009352739,5.278074e-7,0.9656757,0.0008943658,0.00001265706,0.03322241],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002473083,0.001680472,0.0004425326,0.000007583941,0.000005989678,0.00001343163,0.00002071491,0.0000714202,0.9925131,0.004672908,0.0002125978,0.0001119879],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954025,0.0003196574,0.002797304,0.00110812,0.00001929251,0.0002066458,0.000001984782,0.00003367486,0.0001108295],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975973,0.00002451082,0.002172113,0.0001118186,0.0000326384,0.00001129131,0.000007989367,0.000006369542,0.00003598263],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03311042,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3934804,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01206828120349675,"score_gpt":0.2838487740161225,"score_spread":0.2717804928126258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}