{"id":"W2055455840","doi":"10.1175/2010mwr3452.1","title":"The North American Lightning Detection Network (NALDN)—Analysis of Flash Data: 2001–09","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Weather Review","topic":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":132,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Lightning detection; Lightning (connector); Flash (photography); Meteorology; Environmental science; Peak current; Climatology; Upper-atmospheric lightning; Geography; Geology; Lightning strike; Thunderstorm; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003985873,0.0002522134,0.0002517658,0.001911121,0.0003834776,0.0005321616,0.000416671,0.0001690938,0.001217877],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009711444,0.0001188054,0.0002145188,0.003302461,0.0001201824,0.000282274,0.0004091468,0.0002425,0.0003287146],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001614768,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001961232,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3009222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4092039,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999742,0.0000287548,0.00003042702,0.00006365493,0.00009324378,0.00004198913],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990057,0.00008489308,0.0001868835,0.0001035924,0.0005267038,0.00009226083],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003254578,0.0001359915,0.8875979,0.0003212485,0.000245115,0.0004182763,0.0006535326,0.008285583,0.002721821,0.0004329349,0.05766801,0.04119425],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001001485,0.00001278444,0.9824504,0.0000205054,0.00002230207,0.00004368703,0.0003312789,0.003235366,0.0005709413,0.00004513217,0.01324593,0.00001164777],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8085048,0.0002757944,0.0008468209,0.0001469196,0.00003312206,0.0001109344,0.1835891,0.0002725189,0.006219939],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6597843,0.0003585161,0.002955941,0.0000972925,0.00003438761,0.000241077,0.3321099,0.00006842001,0.004350244],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3009222,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5983412,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01119390152391444,"score_gpt":0.2487100537462616,"score_spread":0.2375161522223471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}