{"id":"W2055535674","doi":"10.1260/1756-8293.2.3.181","title":"Numerical and Experimental Simulations of Flapping Wings","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles","topic":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","field":"Engineering","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Airfoil; Flapping; Vortex; Aerodynamics; Aerospace engineering; Mechanics; Wing; Flow separation; Vortex shedding; Wake; Wing twist; Flow (mathematics); Separation (statistics); Aerodynamic force; Angle of attack; Physics; Engineering; Structural engineering; Computer science; Reynolds number; Boundary layer","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008665766,0.00006400462,0.0001057078,0.0001161229,0.00001786349,0.00001608816,0.0001535448,0.00004885895,0.0001060246],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001715102,0.00005634331,0.00005134228,0.00003633375,0.00003369085,0.00011345,0.0000221061,0.000157716,0.000002643596],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001268994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001039149,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004460555,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.368602e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994443,0.000007791582,0.000269916,0.00004575696,0.0001710108,0.00006124507],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996613,0.00004960268,0.00008311041,0.0000408133,0.0001198091,0.00004539236],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001767683,0.00002484261,0.000330536,0.00000464397,0.00005119838,0.000005432453,0.0002491675,0.0005842412,0.9949068,0.000179681,0.0001953306,0.003450482],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004019271,0.00003693374,0.001030444,0.00003516925,0.000007151513,0.0001142112,0.00006354795,0.006171954,0.9887149,0.0005261937,0.002833718,0.00006378612],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9963259,0.0002869424,0.002077149,0.0002910332,0.0008429099,0.00002335679,0.000005904825,0.00001177337,0.0001351058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9902021,0.0000128445,0.009541695,0.0000427262,0.0001766336,2.885216e-7,0.000001152451,0.000009387971,0.00001315054],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007464546,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2297613,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007078252337410737,"score_gpt":0.2405990053938357,"score_spread":0.233520753056425,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}