{"id":"W2055591350","doi":"10.5539/ies.v4n4p131","title":"Acoustic Analysis of /?/ and /ð/ Sounds in Pakistani English","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pronunciation; Articulation (sociology); Variety (cybernetics); Linguistics; Psychology; Computer science; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003153087,0.00003632798,0.000112209,0.0003027245,0.00004996809,0.000008594562,0.00007884125,0.00002589943,0.0002570077],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003516219,0.00003633337,0.00002467918,0.0003087383,0.0001464461,0.00005264013,0.00002321698,0.00003019913,0.000001897852],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000708622,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001304862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003086235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004736272,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994913,0.00004524042,0.0001767049,0.00009774676,0.0001281285,0.00006092259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984835,0.0001521692,0.00009133589,0.00004591656,0.001205442,0.00002166221],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001272244,0.0001853819,0.3434415,0.000005188285,0.0006420745,6.474576e-7,0.3527706,0.00001297463,0.00001591176,0.3009089,0.0006649363,0.00133924],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002511794,0.00002046074,0.6335565,0.00002090629,0.0003489046,3.059371e-7,0.3143664,0.0001178747,0.0000204136,0.01883164,0.03233296,0.0001324342],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9096355,0.0004478674,0.0003504095,0.0004806566,0.003529526,0.00007051686,0.000009480717,0.00001892502,0.08545705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975585,0.0002608489,0.000662666,0.0001556296,0.0001240596,0.00001457091,0.000005686542,0.000001728453,0.001216316],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.290115,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4665484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09477892954313535,"score_gpt":0.4336005434558599,"score_spread":0.3388216139127246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}