{"id":"W2055766328","doi":"10.1007/s11663-003-0062-5","title":"Nickel, copper, and cobalt slag losses during converting","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B","topic":"Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Cobalt; Nickel; Copper; Metallurgy; Slag (welding); Materials science; Cobalt extraction techniques","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001478229,0.0001933869,0.0003310922,0.00003885202,0.0001734539,0.0001267109,0.00004995243,0.0001044938,0.001343917],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001136536,0.0001696107,0.00004630726,0.00009396119,0.00009688428,0.000170331,0.000005880143,0.0001046654,0.00002222874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001166808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006120094,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001714034,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001279864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990763,0.00004249551,0.0003011213,0.0002201709,0.00009845566,0.0002614508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996648,0.00004052388,0.0000258161,0.00009838367,0.00002022672,0.0001502166],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002687494,0.0004991695,0.00001141685,0.005293707,0.001309218,0.0003054775,0.000611062,0.05387217,0.8959957,0.03794723,0.00002970565,0.003856441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01685067,0.0007498823,0.00398525,0.0007736986,0.002138259,0.00727208,0.001254085,0.4268001,0.3400986,0.01537167,0.1775195,0.007186134],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8692902,0.001496791,0.1269862,0.00002380536,0.0002803112,0.0001191663,0.00001869846,0.0001768547,0.001608005],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996483,0.002527999,0.000479933,0.00001996299,0.0000235404,0.00002125438,0.000004472866,0.00002920384,0.0004106505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5558971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006954700683058785,"score_gpt":0.1871011287508872,"score_spread":0.1801464280678284,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}