{"id":"W2056599202","doi":"10.1016/j.actaastro.2005.01.010","title":"Humans to Mars: A feasibility and cost–benefit analysis","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Acta Astronautica","topic":"Planetary Science and Exploration","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","keywords":"Mars Exploration Program; Exploration of Mars; Engineering; Risk analysis (engineering); Politics; Business; Systems engineering; Astrobiology; Engineering management; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004915562,0.001140587,0.0008493658,0.00174109,0.0007082907,0.001553976,0.001416252,0.001984692,0.02392776],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02565116,0.0006611692,0.001653374,0.001386838,0.001111322,0.002226616,0.001520387,0.0008246641,0.001032264],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001422165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00207683,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003802547,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003619795,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956807,0.003482293,0.00005958456,0.0001950113,0.0003945575,0.0001878904],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9761146,0.02150752,0.0005334684,0.0008261024,0.0007629481,0.0002553122],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.04671635,0.001948409,0.03984896,0.0017281,0.001088976,0.001782371,0.0005212559,0.4770033,0.004972572,0.04038468,0.008906572,0.3750984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006482993,0.01625321,0.03701466,0.0003582978,0.004345477,0.002607812,0.002942698,0.8179855,0.005110047,0.0914179,0.01524581,0.0002356019],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8527306,0.002752156,0.07859165,0.006496224,0.0002353746,0.002359683,0.001853622,0.0002823057,0.05469838],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9787349,0.0005357674,0.01774702,0.0001485491,0.00004693325,0.0003890974,0.00022077,0.00001962213,0.002157479],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02392776,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08004642,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02319908862555999,"score_gpt":0.2671615179448732,"score_spread":0.2439624293193132,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}