{"id":"W2058060040","doi":"10.1002/esp.1111","title":"Comparing different methods of bed shear stress estimates in simple and complex flow fields","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":322,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Shear stress; Turbulence kinetic energy; Turbulence; Boundary layer; Mechanics; Drag; Geology; Shear (geology); Simple shear; Reynolds stress; Critical resolved shear stress; Reynolds number; Drag coefficient; Geotechnical engineering; Shear rate; Physics; Thermodynamics; Rheology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0051143,0.0006497332,0.0006361085,0.0030878,0.0002737392,0.001185787,0.00086228,0.0006556311,0.0007656961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01324075,0.0003697535,0.0005127335,0.001330881,0.0006291044,0.0009858599,0.001261771,0.0004949869,0.0003550683],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004899699,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003389883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002601007,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004763496,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974649,0.001065108,0.0002051771,0.0004509691,0.0007200839,0.00009367758],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991034,0.005581715,0.001005929,0.0005542713,0.001569357,0.0002546966],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.005913584,0.000713295,0.3890604,0.001148722,0.001328247,0.0001982117,0.002151242,0.070161,0.08356521,0.002167428,0.0009171134,0.4426757],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002750318,0.001652956,0.5730657,0.0001414585,0.0003258578,0.0003558254,0.0007728097,0.3596093,0.05843643,0.002510055,0.002494121,0.0003605222],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9121571,0.0005212724,0.0849629,0.00005595912,0.00006049481,0.0001166744,0.0003745538,0.0004248829,0.001326214],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9290144,0.0002951072,0.06927463,0.00001978294,0.00002478944,0.000117661,0.0005687646,0.00009674011,0.0005881473],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0051143,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02704734,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02151658805771909,"score_gpt":0.2733029203584523,"score_spread":0.2517863323007332,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}