{"id":"W2058338036","doi":"10.1179/1879139513y.0000000081","title":"Extractive metallurgy of rare earths","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Beneficiation; Monazite; Igneous rock; Leaching (pedology); Precipitation; Uranium; Extractive metallurgy; Geochemistry; Mineral; Geology; Metallurgy; Rare earth; Extraction (chemistry); Hydrometallurgy; Phosphorite; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Materials science; Copper; Phosphorus; Soil water","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002147319,0.0005432081,0.0003951116,0.002198196,0.001075661,0.0007057902,0.0005421398,0.0002836796,0.005613264],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002124528,0.0002392731,0.0003399876,0.001541728,0.0006692306,0.0006627038,0.0005091864,0.0006687585,0.001186973],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001318951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001160667,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01174376,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04297763,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999688,0.00001188341,0.00001532713,0.00003345924,0.0002114677,0.00003991617],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999273,0.00001384754,0.000009766291,0.00001047684,0.00002927562,0.000009234097],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000179396,0.00008100978,0.001036978,0.002285169,0.00004856683,0.0009522496,0.0003451985,0.001142545,0.6023939,0.01992051,0.00679765,0.3648169],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001207687,0.000128758,0.005387455,0.0001099346,0.0000267625,0.002064897,0.000134564,0.0003037496,0.412077,0.003009367,0.5767216,0.00002381048],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3071542,0.3363285,0.04984274,0.002665324,0.001406103,0.000300022,0.001638193,0.0008832247,0.2997817],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5137305,0.2299521,0.02657056,0.000659883,0.0005188325,0.00005957689,0.001272157,0.0002494124,0.2269869],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01174376,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02335078,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007138112283191848,"score_gpt":0.1937636333842419,"score_spread":0.18662552110105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}