{"id":"W2058338036","doi":"10.1179/1879139513y.0000000081","title":"Extractive metallurgy of rare earths","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly","topic":"Extraction and Separation Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":186,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Beneficiation; Monazite; Igneous rock; Leaching (pedology); Precipitation; Uranium; Extractive metallurgy; Geochemistry; Mineral; Geology; Metallurgy; Rare earth; Extraction (chemistry); Hydrometallurgy; Phosphorite; Mineralogy; Chemistry; Materials science; Copper; Phosphorus; Soil water","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006971857,0.0001605974,0.0002503042,0.0002069726,0.00004926284,0.00006240893,0.0001450349,0.000116931,0.01167706],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001852898,0.0001534474,0.0001092871,0.0002441161,0.00005651431,0.0005130673,0.000001887992,0.0001755945,0.001177371],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005140345,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009140516,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005713195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01400778,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990303,0.00003186424,0.000316189,0.0001603453,0.0001576448,0.0003036656],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990481,0.00006519788,0.00003897796,0.0001907082,0.0001347603,0.0005222634],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007869768,0.0004930532,0.0003691227,0.001115594,0.003118645,0.0007554507,0.01062822,0.02695184,0.115368,0.1060215,0.1414691,0.5936307],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009670179,0.0004257398,0.01331777,0.00004178035,0.0001085803,0.0001630739,0.002023778,0.06385053,0.003250861,0.004404105,0.9103368,0.00110998],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5199468,0.001288202,0.01634413,0.001094257,0.001053286,0.0008486304,0.00007288171,0.0005116636,0.4588402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970877,0.00001516013,0.0005018991,0.0001363499,0.00005022862,0.00005022684,0.00001609202,0.00002386904,0.002118463],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7688677,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996004,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007138112283191848,"score_gpt":0.1937636333842419,"score_spread":0.18662552110105,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}