{"id":"W2058518083","doi":"10.1002/tea.20333","title":"PISA 2006: An assessment of scientific literacy","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Research in Science Teaching","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":313,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Scientific literacy; Mathematics education; Test (biology); Literacy; Psychology; Reading (process); Science education; Scale (ratio); Achievement test; Pedagogy; Medical education; Standardized test; Medicine; Political science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","sts","scholarly_communication"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.1143923,0.00006145443,0.0001674004,0.002501247,0.002119831,0.001074194,0.001935279,0.00004048435,0.0001274387],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004953884,0.00005056389,0.00005222237,0.003911081,0.00297246,0.004007469,0.0000560546,0.001128043,0.000003820217],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005180394,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.007212574,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006733348,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001961182,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9924866,0.001705661,0.0005246646,0.00027102,0.004300003,0.0007120458],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969665,0.000583275,0.0002863922,0.0002856434,0.001409844,0.0004682852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002491619,0.001327126,0.1575117,0.00001190092,0.000002427988,0.00003286893,0.2180338,0.000279383,0.05055681,0.1567481,0.001345834,0.4141251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007712054,0.001534441,0.6919821,0.0005910091,0.000004731521,0.00004675121,0.1839339,0.004019873,0.001284592,0.05981182,0.0556729,0.0003466806],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9618589,0.00005781722,0.0002525243,0.006819458,0.0009093077,0.0001106564,6.187453e-7,0.000006229013,0.02998447],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9913765,0.00002462701,0.007703229,0.00007529162,0.0003080925,6.970499e-7,1.543239e-7,0.000002100367,0.0005092654],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5344704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999628,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2878043853163388,"score_gpt":0.6688702908396115,"score_spread":0.3810659055232727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}