{"id":"W2058574626","doi":"10.1039/c4ja00258j","title":"Improvement of analytical performance in inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry without compromising robustness using an infrared-heated sample introduction system with a pneumatic nebulizer","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Canadian Celiac Association; Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs","keywords":"Nebulizer; Detection limit; Inductively coupled plasma; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Torch; Infrared; Chemistry; Robustness (evolution); Plasma; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Materials science; Mass spectrometry; Chromatography; Optics; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003914082,0.001303761,0.0007106805,0.0007639655,0.0007435363,0.001190152,0.001735415,0.001186891,0.003156493],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004956055,0.0007932278,0.0006724093,0.000604142,0.0008865551,0.0009534336,0.0009951736,0.000975791,0.001897137],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006628711,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001175704,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001349222,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002600196,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962076,0.0007606287,0.0001993062,0.0008772312,0.001720633,0.0002345395],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980193,0.0008525759,0.0001816683,0.0003193987,0.0005753847,0.00005165828],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005401826,0.00002187424,0.0003329777,0.00004320439,0.00001461463,0.00002088801,0.00003050835,0.00008688619,0.9957222,0.00008239904,0.0000941797,0.003496193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000006221054,0.00005714401,0.0009417735,0.000003352149,0.00001578575,0.00009198625,0.00001104468,0.001067575,0.9964972,0.00004126072,0.00125785,0.000008850354],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.4575649,0.001767462,0.5242353,0.0007835717,0.0003287005,0.0007634444,0.00109747,0.006229275,0.007229932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5717092,0.001143074,0.417985,0.0006661515,0.00008868121,0.0005140886,0.0008815022,0.001125605,0.005886699],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003914082,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02069992,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01328207381318054,"score_gpt":0.2380702545125552,"score_spread":0.2247881806993747,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}