{"id":"W2058881891","doi":"10.1117/1.3558852","title":"Low loss two-step ion-exchanged waveguides with high surface refractive index","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optical Engineering","topic":"Photonic and Optical Devices","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"National Science Council; Government of Canada","keywords":"Refractive index; Materials science; Ion; Ion exchange; Diffusion; Optics; Spectroscopy; Energy exchange; Refractive index profile; Step-index profile; Optoelectronics; Chemistry; Optical fiber; Physics; Graded-index fiber","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000119121,0.0003225632,0.0003295694,0.00006790549,0.00004119035,0.00003778043,0.0002148715,0.0001399179,0.0001965199],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004144601,0.0002779265,0.00005832853,0.0002643216,0.00006561726,0.0002773373,0.00005559373,0.0004320129,0.0001214939],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001061433,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001683737,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005930019,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001767576,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986265,0.000006685741,0.0002470692,0.0002830671,0.0002523185,0.000584359],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999211,0.0001197674,0.0000210676,0.0003087086,0.00005810644,0.000281329],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002764692,0.0003138695,0.0008412848,0.0008157045,0.0007944786,0.0007727256,0.001114082,0.8676138,0.03462818,0.08853964,0.0001123349,0.004177466],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001138316,0.0001743371,0.007916884,0.0002748074,0.00006835265,0.00005829708,0.0000937577,0.8727006,0.115519,0.0001265444,0.001017719,0.0009113639],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8717065,0.0001869017,0.09035579,0.00003103165,0.0004355067,0.0002406084,0.00001072289,0.0008719946,0.03616093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9718968,0.00003836214,0.02773578,0.00002668813,0.0001079205,0.00002108596,0.000005879459,0.0000891392,0.00007837555],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1001903,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999673,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008542923999387232,"score_gpt":0.1916427811881833,"score_spread":0.1830998571887961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}