{"id":"W2059619485","doi":"10.1007/s11948-012-9426-z","title":"Conflict(s) of Interest in Peer Review: Its Origins and Possible Solutions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Science and Engineering Ethics","topic":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","field":"Decision Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Universität Mannheim; Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Conflict of interest; Philosophy of science; Process (computing); Peer review; Cover (algebra); Public relations; Computer science; Political science; Sociology; Epistemology; Law; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["metaresearch","research_integrity"],"domain":"evaluation","study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"commentary","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.09305193,0.0004234855,0.001110895,0.004450336,0.00435921,0.01236837,0.004090814,0.01631332,0.008333681],"category_scores_gemma":[0.3679799,0.0007391108,0.0007656735,0.006626272,0.01609708,0.00703682,0.006669228,0.008040407,0.0008830206],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.005383421,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006657065,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001493262,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002141322,"domain_scores_codex":[0.8865061,0.06067077,0.01520507,0.008968806,0.02220101,0.006448127],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.4467188,0.4289994,0.05750494,0.01454961,0.03579681,0.01643038],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001482256,0.0001678523,0.06304728,0.00110298,0.0002408812,0.002833318,0.01095165,0.0004006489,0.0004826276,0.7782592,0.03608337,0.106282],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001458165,0.0001409379,0.02631736,0.003322538,0.0002246488,0.01050429,0.01556769,0.00348498,0.001031777,0.8088237,0.1301758,0.0002604963],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.104479,0.0337989,0.04162762,0.6909548,0.00857035,0.0003151558,0.0004401752,0.0001054651,0.1197085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9380648,0.004645974,0.009876183,0.03199407,0.008566579,0.000291433,0.0001496421,0.0000565533,0.006354716],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9069481,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4921115,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.8245981317172449,"score_gpt":0.5811456072251607,"score_spread":0.2434525244920842,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}