{"id":"W2059657285","doi":"10.1377/hlthaff.25.5.1353","title":"Prices And Availability Of Biopharmaceuticals: An International Comparison","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Affairs","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":68,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Per capita; European union; Product (mathematics); International trade; Agricultural economics; Economics; Member states; International economics; Business; Environmental health; Medicine; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006566602,0.00009622101,0.0003432547,0.0001239326,0.00005274719,0.00003241922,0.0001587759,0.00005223092,0.0003982216],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003292581,0.0001124688,0.00004223182,0.00008493956,0.0001155833,0.0002050944,0.00004804466,0.0001131944,0.00008680706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008081245,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003293286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000744429,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008257479,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986239,0.00001705293,0.0007941026,0.0002902197,0.00002553815,0.0002491534],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999215,0.00005235071,0.0003478651,0.0001770208,0.00001908785,0.0001886817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003907365,0.0003836491,0.2990074,0.0001316373,0.00002032219,3.52557e-7,0.0002459174,0.00006065661,0.00002517175,0.6946358,0.001582959,0.003867092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001319888,0.0001962301,0.2727509,0.00001491265,0.000004565144,0.0000041236,0.0001877374,0.04671723,0.000299922,0.05210574,0.6260672,0.0003315669],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8765687,0.006649491,0.000496056,0.01261999,0.000656046,0.0003592994,0.0005450648,0.00005635908,0.1020489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973553,0.0005889989,0.001080434,0.0007503029,0.000133833,0.000007294819,0.0000225884,0.00001028637,0.0000509217],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6425301,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4586345,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09391597464132455,"score_gpt":0.3715708587017222,"score_spread":0.2776548840603976,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}