{"id":"W2059750449","doi":"10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.04.001","title":"Solvent extraction of copper from chloride solution I: Extraction isotherms","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Hydrometallurgy","topic":"Metal Extraction and Bioleaching","field":"Engineering","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Copper; Copper extraction techniques; Chalcopyrite; Extraction (chemistry); Chloride; Inorganic chemistry; Leaching (pedology); Hydrometallurgy; Impurity; Solvent; Chromatography; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002431665,0.0003604577,0.0003445852,0.0004584283,0.0003414397,0.0002205401,0.0004961903,0.0003706199,0.001850788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004403518,0.0001583924,0.0002784514,0.0005683364,0.0002199022,0.0003345608,0.0001905285,0.0004664548,0.001016814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000528365,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003836711,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004237306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003550321,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997993,0.00002530208,0.00001317594,0.0000521278,0.00005736771,0.00005273427],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998432,0.00004418004,0.00002164066,0.00001058519,0.00007049677,0.000009866251],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001505329,0.00002171772,0.0002758019,0.0000965212,0.000007600144,0.00003925084,0.00006081157,0.000178576,0.9943576,0.0001134784,0.000261767,0.004436281],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000443114,0.0000574822,0.0006324626,0.000005160316,0.000004217523,0.00003355185,0.00002492893,0.0003689241,0.9973866,0.0000229046,0.001454761,0.000004661903],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9570199,0.002325443,0.02747547,0.0002818315,0.00005838151,0.0001610338,0.001730783,0.0005978015,0.01034931],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9817423,0.001374169,0.007625354,0.0001351891,0.00001617646,0.00009300472,0.001223217,0.0001033234,0.007687322],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004237306,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008425236,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01430102326539114,"score_gpt":0.2301446155158158,"score_spread":0.2158435922504247,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}