{"id":"W2060629327","doi":"10.1175/2007jamc1667.1","title":"Momentum Transfer within Canopies","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology","topic":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":140,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; U.S. Geological Survey; University of British Columbia; Washington State University","keywords":"Drag coefficient; Canopy; Reynolds stress; Drag; Momentum transfer; Atmospheric sciences; Momentum (technical analysis); Exponential function; Environmental science; Reynolds number; Mechanics; Meteorology; Physics; Mathematics; Turbulence; Geography; Mathematical analysis; Optics; Scattering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000204126,0.00008831247,0.0002546076,0.00005486119,0.000102087,0.000002803901,0.00009934806,0.0001272344,0.000207653],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004790316,0.00006765471,0.00003832379,0.00006538404,0.0003745428,0.00006121843,0.00003347857,0.0002137627,0.00002145712],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001806666,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001269851,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006470473,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000299554,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992837,0.00003081675,0.0003169608,0.0001072152,0.00009214312,0.0001691598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997083,0.00005076592,0.00009588387,0.00006676597,0.000006164718,0.000072113],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002590621,0.0005770662,0.6806729,0.00004227462,0.0005766953,0.001545516,0.01198826,0.01533975,0.1184605,0.1625046,0.002157531,0.003544335],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02266916,0.005545354,0.4277144,0.00004973227,0.001555108,0.1456438,0.002735283,0.01625347,0.03451686,0.2284672,0.1118395,0.00301006],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9908369,0.00007408028,0.0004488091,0.0003268056,0.0001420607,0.00004456835,0.000002187667,0.000006083375,0.008118539],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982912,0.0003007669,0.001014532,0.0003080184,0.00001393233,0.000002709746,0.000001501045,0.000005221787,0.00006211164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2529584,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2758879,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007553759821930093,"score_gpt":0.1910732668997557,"score_spread":0.1835195070778256,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}