{"id":"W2061932580","doi":"10.1007/s00168-006-0106-2","title":"The elusive inequality-economic growth relationship: are there differences between cities and the countryside?","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Annals of Regional Science","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":85,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","keywords":"Economics; Inequality; Urbanization; Metropolitan area; Incentive; Linkage (software); Economic inequality; Sample (material); Social inequality; Spatial inequality; Empirical evidence; Demographic economics; Development economics; Economic geography; Economic growth; Microeconomics; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.007651899,0.000111626,0.0002005302,0.00003754322,0.004214899,0.0002639539,0.001160683,0.00005031802,0.00001301629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008654716,0.00004994423,0.0000835542,0.000340716,0.01181134,0.0004056572,0.0001412453,0.0001687962,0.000008222905],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004153251,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003284295,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.018435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005002914,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976025,0.0007150549,0.0003304791,0.0002114291,0.0007772472,0.0003632973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9946483,0.004278384,0.0004205264,0.0002866511,0.0003084482,0.00005770007],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002286945,0.00000566934,0.1902242,0.000003641927,0.000006999571,1.181564e-7,0.003189119,0.000004927135,0.000001815021,0.8043873,0.00202651,0.0001268743],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001037767,0.00001184352,0.6003262,0.0000154017,0.000007887024,4.206408e-7,0.007501489,0.00002928486,0.0000246424,0.3884141,0.003495515,0.00006942193],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9004312,0.001110008,0.00002789463,0.08268094,0.0001239368,0.0002069309,0.00002487336,0.00001686045,0.01537733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9971947,0.0008198697,0.000006878637,0.0006742549,0.0004468804,0.00001097679,0.000001230688,0.000003460888,0.0008417174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4159732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1215964468770421,"score_gpt":0.3531780860075426,"score_spread":0.2315816391305005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}