{"id":"W2062173166","doi":"10.1109/infocom.2014.6848074","title":"TorWard: Discovery of malicious traffic over Tor","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":38,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Botnet; Denial-of-service attack; Computer science; Malware; Computer security; Intrusion detection system; Computer network; World Wide Web; The Internet","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009030161,0.0008926875,0.000865611,0.004319839,0.0009517809,0.001289874,0.001094058,0.0007632916,0.00119485],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003670081,0.0003234451,0.0003633404,0.001288467,0.0007211614,0.002170327,0.001512967,0.0006196662,0.0007613755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006469237,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008057077,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002928487,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003173245,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982024,0.0003564749,0.0001160077,0.0003657477,0.0006932724,0.0002660357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964603,0.0006743251,0.0006006816,0.001102075,0.0008812329,0.0002813003],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003238412,0.00103983,0.2019712,0.0007524996,0.000594673,0.00413157,0.002188524,0.0320044,0.1520597,0.01010715,0.04252466,0.5493875],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001022912,0.001087862,0.05432409,0.00006461626,0.0001833349,0.003339115,0.001346329,0.7506213,0.1604003,0.005616424,0.02267534,0.0002389233],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8300495,0.000595452,0.09808972,0.000379164,0.0001713749,0.0007896866,0.002977681,0.05524676,0.01170063],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9588115,0.0001669478,0.03552533,0.00009708705,0.00003795528,0.0001089778,0.002808446,0.0003272709,0.002116463],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004319839,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005822897,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006768985428389168,"score_gpt":0.2192051787799038,"score_spread":0.2124361933515147,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}