{"id":"W2063337234","doi":"10.1002/wcc.148","title":"Earth system models: an overview","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change","topic":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":321,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Earth system science; Biogeochemical cycle; Environmental science; Greenhouse gas; Climate change; Climate model; Radiative forcing; Forcing (mathematics); Carbon cycle; Climatology; Global warming; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Ecology; Ecosystem; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001688756,0.001907602,0.001481021,0.002541926,0.0004767271,0.003221052,0.002157411,0.002235515,0.03003393],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003298529,0.0008367546,0.001593574,0.00586038,0.0006268445,0.003247389,0.001932068,0.001831786,0.01786396],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00104033,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002045966,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01353151,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00714242,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991178,0.0003869878,0.00007445985,0.0001188712,0.0002487348,0.00005322888],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987954,0.0005592671,0.00008686451,0.0002242421,0.000274334,0.00005988518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005952696,0.00007518671,0.002425182,0.00196341,0.0003076347,0.0001804351,0.0001073634,0.1315227,0.000274217,0.1151754,0.300651,0.4472579],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003608256,0.00002457249,0.001052849,0.0006015803,0.00006485316,0.0001377278,0.00005355427,0.04900815,0.0001448218,0.1217917,0.8270354,0.00004874531],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.003576389,0.2516889,0.4301296,0.0188089,0.003385657,0.0008788095,0.06323849,0.01759851,0.2106948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.144187,0.3976368,0.2958719,0.00366532,0.00615811,0.00304103,0.07200182,0.004431738,0.07300629],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.03003393,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1004736,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1672479730488159,"score_gpt":0.3067570296510667,"score_spread":0.1395090566022508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}