{"id":"W2063461906","doi":"10.1117/1.2335429","title":"Review of tissue simulating phantoms for optical spectroscopy, imaging and dosimetry","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Journal of Biomedical Optics","topic":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","field":"Medicine","cited_by":836,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College; Dartmouth College; National Cancer Institute; Massachusetts General Hospital","keywords":"Materials science; Polyester; Polyvinyl alcohol; Imaging phantom; Silicone; Gelatin; Polyurethane; Biomedical engineering; Polymer; Characterization (materials science); Nanotechnology; Composite material; Optics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001467489,0.0004584914,0.003971671,0.0004994632,0.00004603702,0.00003935474,0.0002538113,0.0003150546,0.00002642655],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001872513,0.0003097023,0.0008049791,0.000487992,0.0005554151,0.00008907879,0.00009941249,0.00102712,0.000001531682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001616983,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004958451,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001974885,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":3.326366e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958948,0.00006498427,0.002543305,0.0003034978,0.0007369645,0.0004563833],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963792,0.0009970902,0.001426894,0.0003040816,0.0004196902,0.000473076],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002384921,0.0003855225,0.000007659776,0.2351787,0.0002576915,0.0001476011,0.000004599469,3.013505e-8,0.0005773241,0.0002330953,0.008004272,0.7551797],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006988921,0.001390097,0.000001420149,0.2859162,0.005350984,0.002122847,0.000005615639,0.0002730837,0.0007323372,0.000164616,0.7030538,0.0002900964],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000007584016,0.9671525,0.03063917,0.0006121965,0.0002546,0.00079867,0.00003385493,0.00003260679,0.0004687842],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001133534,0.8080192,0.1906778,0.0002731034,0.0008675029,0.000006396612,0.00003772413,0.00006475842,0.00004214096],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7548896,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999355,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02663423769235705,"score_gpt":0.4233037408993468,"score_spread":0.3966695032069897,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}