{"id":"W2063623725","doi":"10.1111/1468-2354.t01-2-00085","title":"On the Welfare Cost of Economic Fluctuations in Developing Countries*","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Economic Review","topic":"Economic theories and models","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":251,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université du Québec à Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Economics; Welfare; Volatility (finance); Developing country; Consumption (sociology); Developed country; Point (geometry); Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Public economics; Econometrics; Economic growth; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001414518,0.0003013294,0.0003763919,0.0008948487,0.0005759886,0.001623853,0.0002112584,0.0007215776,0.003727296],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005718126,0.0001084148,0.0003844516,0.001435396,0.001213671,0.001427623,0.0009042541,0.001017478,0.0002127366],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001704569,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008505178,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003869595,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00269696,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995335,0.0002387811,0.00001338482,0.00003238703,0.00007062686,0.0001113205],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974537,0.001685317,0.0003721648,0.0001297366,0.0002776298,0.00008132272],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002264614,0.00009528512,0.01683177,0.0001487507,0.0001668963,0.0003713582,0.0002842628,0.04614671,0.0005432526,0.8328849,0.01808782,0.08421246],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005055789,0.000110516,0.03427827,0.0003008593,0.0002153604,0.0004260304,0.0009431368,0.04059543,0.0007344351,0.8845038,0.03779155,0.00005015823],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6777214,0.01999446,0.04339725,0.03996693,0.000502111,0.00006666125,0.001825153,0.0001036665,0.2164224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9860542,0.007999567,0.00123928,0.0007716136,0.0001732825,0.00002636253,0.0002376423,0.00001398442,0.003483912],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003869595,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01246899,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04004657438789386,"score_gpt":0.2714972230234527,"score_spread":0.2314506486355588,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}