{"id":"W2063944418","doi":"10.1007/s10818-008-9043-8","title":"The bioeconomics of homogeneous middleman groups as adaptive units: Theory and empirical evidence viewed from a group selection framework","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Bioeconomics","topic":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Bioeconomics; Homogeneous; Group selection; Empirical evidence; Positive economics; Selection (genetic algorithm); Perspective (graphical); Empirical research; Economics; Proximate and ultimate causation; Sociology; Microeconomics; Epistemology; Political science; Law; Computer science; Mathematics; Artificial intelligence","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003318724,0.0003587599,0.0005864056,0.002185211,0.001289332,0.002748056,0.001074649,0.001584223,0.0046603],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008858292,0.0001810041,0.0002909964,0.002354034,0.01162266,0.004305479,0.001855501,0.0009237112,0.0003098155],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002055192,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007638137,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00151416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001042391,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983657,0.001032637,0.00004689913,0.0001728408,0.0002522679,0.0001295767],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911356,0.005940832,0.001521893,0.0005802743,0.0003428125,0.000478574],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005935034,0.00007865536,0.01084874,0.0001209337,0.00003261644,0.0001467739,0.001554467,0.003390962,0.0002872778,0.9645334,0.00071544,0.01823127],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003501927,0.00008334684,0.01257297,0.00008168948,0.00002421854,0.0001125948,0.002125376,0.006350546,0.000236895,0.9703682,0.00799101,0.00001811931],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7718626,0.008485894,0.07706172,0.02066439,0.0001508464,0.0001704489,0.0001446643,0.00003425236,0.1214252],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9912679,0.001970445,0.004906841,0.000409382,0.0001027543,0.00005191403,0.00002905549,0.000004654846,0.001257131],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0046603,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0175513,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1066654665532537,"score_gpt":0.3481634115087596,"score_spread":0.2414979449555058,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}