{"id":"W2064342237","doi":"10.1007/bf02595422","title":"The null distribution of the likelihood-ratio test for one or two outliers in a normal sample","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Test","topic":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Mathematics; Outlier; Statistics; Likelihood-ratio test; Null distribution; Test statistic; Normal distribution; Z-test; Sample size determination; Sampling distribution; Sample (material); Statistic; Statistical hypothesis testing; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004025537,0.00008561187,0.0001504288,0.000008718483,0.0001388418,0.00001592023,0.0001372395,0.00003237869,0.000008662127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009649262,0.0000462608,0.0000448744,0.0001235145,0.00009629215,0.00004058451,0.00003613863,0.00008984871,0.000001173567],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004585684,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004648284,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001712261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001573728,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991961,0.0000379339,0.000305499,0.0001120459,0.0001259062,0.0002225582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9888854,0.01066637,0.000120793,0.0002257676,0.00007734496,0.00002431587],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009799692,0.0008169062,0.005054811,0.0001232551,0.0000100125,9.418927e-7,0.0001969522,0.0001524523,0.003043774,0.9718466,0.002383792,0.01627251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007016314,0.0001360655,0.004863358,0.0000425948,0.00002951108,0.000001128614,0.00007808473,0.008016373,0.002330911,0.9821029,0.001602061,0.0000953964],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01280614,0.00001681276,0.9846632,0.0004348983,0.00005316479,0.0005264265,0.001125635,0.00002128519,0.000352475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6745343,0.000003393345,0.3248027,0.00003880017,0.00008785447,0.0001022832,0.00003182337,0.00001684461,0.0003820683],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6617281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9986929,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07363626091688394,"score_gpt":0.3833671053099573,"score_spread":0.3097308443930734,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}