{"id":"W2064710109","doi":"10.1111/j.1530-9134.2008.00170.x","title":"<scp>Are Frequent‐Flyer Programs a Cause of the “Hub Premium”?</scp>","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Economics & Management Strategy","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":92,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Exploit; Business; Low-cost carrier; Aviation; Advertising; Marketing; Computer science; Engineering; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000545991,0.0001939315,0.0005706479,0.0003133318,0.0001445688,0.00007879802,0.0005674067,0.0001177968,0.0001582536],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003126129,0.0001722295,0.0004506874,0.00032022,0.0001043771,0.0004238248,0.00009836857,0.0002868887,0.00004974461],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000139725,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003747003,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003620409,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002977249,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978822,0.00002713399,0.001506809,0.0002519245,0.00005712973,0.0002747354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963829,0.00003687945,0.002962844,0.0004283435,0.0000868692,0.0001021978],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001412903,0.0005733809,0.7169549,0.00007236759,0.001982047,0.0000536959,0.0003708608,0.0163848,0.000003124111,0.2533147,0.008874718,0.001401283],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003000463,0.0003783164,0.8159477,0.0001297603,0.000369756,0.0001407459,0.00200534,0.002652484,0.0002212282,0.05823416,0.1165528,0.0003673664],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9412235,0.0006128448,0.000245689,0.0003627563,0.0004095596,0.000175447,0.00003774317,0.000007741291,0.05692471],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9917929,0.001061694,0.00024938,0.0001180467,0.0001698177,0.000008141572,0.000005093355,0.00002174148,0.006573252],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1950806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7023313,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07888297104381173,"score_gpt":0.2290135119585653,"score_spread":0.1501305409147536,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}