{"id":"W2065168941","doi":"10.1007/s10705-009-9266-7","title":"Ammonia volatilization following surface application of raw and treated liquid swine manure","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems","topic":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":53,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval; Ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Volatilisation; Decantation; Ammonia volatilization from urea; Manure; Chemistry; Animal science; Ammonia; Anaerobic digestion; Flocculation; Dry matter; Agronomy; Chromatography; Methane; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003320212,0.0001688502,0.0002762175,0.00006823651,0.00006909214,0.00002112005,0.0001413411,0.000118085,0.000003188931],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001927342,0.0001566521,0.00005851548,0.0004451727,0.0000291367,0.0001946484,0.00004229594,0.00009349117,0.00001742404],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001466181,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000032546,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004372894,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000793066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985428,0.00006124833,0.0005030886,0.0003704093,0.0002785771,0.000243848],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994372,0.00004498749,0.0001896079,0.0002424471,0.00001121193,0.00007453207],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009777018,0.0001792284,0.9683337,0.00003040368,0.000005626628,0.000004164921,0.0004156981,0.008171815,0.02154457,0.00008375361,0.00002438089,0.001108854],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004832715,0.0009265312,0.3300774,0.0005370301,0.00008532021,0.00001772358,0.000358745,0.605733,0.05103385,0.003754143,0.001779091,0.0008643709],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951039,0.0001285501,0.003559702,0.00009138639,0.0001238766,0.0005067068,0.000003442801,0.00006068605,0.0004217715],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994651,0.00004590209,0.0003182142,0.00002784558,0.0000261066,0.00001054339,0.00004716215,0.00001310612,0.00004602838],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6382563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6388085,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004454304253097267,"score_gpt":0.2142955786664594,"score_spread":0.2098412744133621,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}