{"id":"W2065282581","doi":"10.5194/tcd-6-4037-2012","title":"Numerical mass conservation issues in shallow ice models of mountain glaciers: the use of flux limiters and a benchmark","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions; University of Victoria; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Glacier; Benchmark (surveying); Geology; Ice stream; Mass flux; Forcing (mathematics); Classification of discontinuities; Conservation of mass; Flux limiter; Geomorphology; Flux (metallurgy); Meteorology; Climatology; Mechanics; Geodesy; Physics; Mathematics; Cryosphere; Applied mathematics; Sea ice","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001199845,0.0006095759,0.0006646782,0.0005284557,0.0006483235,0.001431709,0.0008063533,0.001068514,0.0006675829],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005166064,0.000237835,0.0004254873,0.0004779497,0.001192908,0.001109719,0.0008941581,0.0007205482,0.00006840916],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008702509,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008005472,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01398797,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007041056,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997632,0.0001323915,0.00001407312,0.00001760971,0.00004345198,0.00002923879],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984856,0.0009859848,0.0002069247,0.0001100716,0.0001258673,0.00008566226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007102496,0.00007262929,0.00385157,0.00003893034,0.00001464735,0.000137761,0.00006104892,0.979981,0.00227902,0.01030344,0.0001668021,0.003022135],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000100126,0.00002556868,0.0001798025,0.000005636418,0.000002118134,0.000006981626,0.00001388532,0.9980117,0.000455514,0.00118133,0.0001038494,0.00000348043],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9035654,0.0006226192,0.08713057,0.000621439,0.00004993379,0.00007713243,0.0002222911,0.0002600101,0.007450566],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9826241,0.0001820401,0.01615952,0.00004800001,0.00001977807,0.00003951563,0.0000761848,0.00003761898,0.0008132771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01398797,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02781308,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.068341042947048,"score_gpt":0.2413102450109785,"score_spread":0.1729692020639305,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}