{"id":"W2065910935","doi":"10.1021/ef100376t","title":"Observation of Liquid Crystals in Heavy Petroleum Fractions","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Fuels","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Asphaltene; Thermotropic crystal; Liquid crystal; Oil sands; Asphalt; Petroleum; Lyotropic liquid crystal; Toluene; Fraction (chemistry); Phase (matter); Chemical engineering; Crystal (programming language); Chemistry; Petroleum product; Materials science; Mineralogy; Organic chemistry; Liquid crystalline; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004693604,0.000167306,0.0001131962,0.0003167357,0.0002123038,0.0002029059,0.000185386,0.0001473369,0.0009323375],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001577548,0.0001029351,0.0001071728,0.0002027469,0.0002519219,0.0002111609,0.0003040403,0.000310258,0.000214623],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001489175,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001213947,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001514664,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001658679,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999094,0.000005596028,0.000005040637,0.00001745324,0.00004275549,0.00001976045],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997678,0.00005922428,0.0000708786,0.00002014011,0.000058623,0.00002321537],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004204196,0.00000588392,0.001498065,0.00003180547,0.00000330602,0.0001550549,0.00004954765,0.00004351174,0.9964101,0.00004740158,0.0000279795,0.001685271],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004523585,0.00006063189,0.0101233,0.00000635208,0.000009034345,0.0004926531,0.00007900962,0.0005273782,0.9870395,0.00003362203,0.001618496,0.000005509427],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904791,0.0008875501,0.006589991,0.00003429819,0.00001145889,0.00002105979,0.0002271802,0.00006596036,0.001683494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9944804,0.0003733267,0.003303492,0.00003106106,0.00000818889,0.00001621054,0.000389564,0.00002074606,0.001377011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001514664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003118992,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01262523793697624,"score_gpt":0.243696318193183,"score_spread":0.2310710802562068,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}