{"id":"W2066706854","doi":"10.2514/2.1869","title":"Pressure Gradients in the Regenerator and Overall Pulse-Tube Refrigerator Performance","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AIAA Journal","topic":"Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Regenerative heat exchanger; Pulse tube refrigerator; Mechanics; Cryocooler; Inertance; Refrigerator car; Body orifice; Pressure drop; Amplitude; Tube (container); Materials science; Pulse (music); Acoustics; Thermodynamics; Physics; Optics; Mechanical engineering; Engineering; Heat exchanger","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001434752,0.0001108465,0.0001135796,0.00005041419,0.00009078924,0.00005679251,0.000123933,0.0000448416,0.00005925581],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000007407692,0.0000741665,0.00002372252,0.00008017466,0.00001376147,0.0002304767,0.000008150737,0.0002576243,0.00000947611],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002253942,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002103821,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000002417652,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004201724,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993865,0.000024685,0.0001782064,0.00007660299,0.0001242564,0.0002097122],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999769,0.00001571247,0.00002536761,0.0001212153,0.00001595787,0.00005280092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006956279,0.0002737021,0.06163198,0.0008921771,0.0006326874,0.0005298599,0.02179053,0.6321226,0.03375763,0.004452947,0.05099073,0.1928555],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001435517,0.0001160901,0.04434579,0.0002484523,0.00003110081,0.001721392,0.0002043082,0.8473441,0.0003383262,0.0004997308,0.1032156,0.0004995939],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910069,0.006639284,0.000230999,0.00007982876,0.0004329669,0.00006739431,0.00000270817,0.00003010851,0.001509847],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978672,0.001272825,0.0001406385,0.00005712273,0.0003156164,0.000006662968,4.740264e-7,0.00001903668,0.0003204388],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2152214,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3024422,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008496610777021565,"score_gpt":0.1814265795329218,"score_spread":0.1729299687559002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}