{"id":"W2067042734","doi":"10.1111/synt.12015","title":"The Syntax of Null Subjects","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Syntax","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Null (SQL); Subject (documents); Syntax; Linguistics; Mathematics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005277034,0.0001233601,0.0001777985,0.00004946579,0.0003748839,0.0001197603,0.0002529628,0.00004012409,0.0004956212],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001151907,0.00008714806,0.00008024452,0.00002801762,0.0002295961,0.00005964301,0.0000471237,0.00009660765,0.0002740468],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002504329,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002953873,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001576812,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003337966,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989612,0.00009256861,0.0003045,0.0001636166,0.0002479093,0.0002302312],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986112,0.0005802171,0.000199915,0.0003832023,0.0001842088,0.00004125877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001382471,0.00002616382,0.0002989384,0.00002988042,0.00003280046,7.273736e-7,0.008206345,0.000002461605,0.0001891962,0.9876431,0.0006794784,0.002877137],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007129721,0.000263711,0.003784856,0.0001920429,0.0001705476,0.000008120631,0.01020265,0.00169702,0.007900978,0.6515509,0.3229547,0.0005615075],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4849069,0.0002485937,0.001876754,0.02810115,0.01006299,0.0006265236,0.00006515792,0.0002954681,0.4738165],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9948463,0.00001053361,0.000157637,0.0001154239,0.001431854,0.00001052964,0.000006168436,0.00002254604,0.003398954],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5099395,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5426704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01717351247642742,"score_gpt":0.2211104485991966,"score_spread":0.2039369361227692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}