{"id":"W2067042734","doi":"10.1111/synt.12015","title":"The Syntax of Null Subjects","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Syntax","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Null (SQL); Subject (documents); Syntax; Linguistics; Mathematics; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004294084,0.0004050333,0.000528219,0.001401178,0.002041394,0.004708971,0.0009000959,0.0008679153,0.003877376],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006057605,0.0004561585,0.0004060835,0.001299898,0.01253177,0.00606805,0.003987281,0.001654257,0.0003798183],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001397694,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001299723,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001256816,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007511443,"domain_scores_codex":[0.996033,0.002382588,0.0002875527,0.0004775332,0.0006142783,0.0002050366],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9937495,0.003542339,0.0004065094,0.001436317,0.0007157015,0.0001496026],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002517155,0.000006493457,0.001238807,0.00002834165,0.000006591212,0.0001770508,0.007533489,0.0001418567,0.001126778,0.984598,0.0003496401,0.00476782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003398036,0.00004882986,0.003536831,0.00007437178,0.00002913143,0.001144984,0.006599278,0.002799518,0.002919381,0.9484668,0.03430114,0.00004561638],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6805615,0.0006271402,0.1247028,0.003143079,0.0001069467,0.00006059108,0.000548953,0.0004622357,0.1897867],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9929824,0.00007896618,0.004830922,0.0001044519,0.00002092865,0.00002847729,0.00008624398,0.0001050966,0.001762395],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004708971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02270955,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01717351247642742,"score_gpt":0.2211104485991966,"score_spread":0.2039369361227692,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}