{"id":"W2067233998","doi":"10.1167/14.10.175","title":"Word-length Effects and Word Inversion Effects: A Study of Perceptual Transforms in the Reading of Single Words","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"Reading and Literacy Development","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Word (group theory); Perception; Inversion (geology); Word length; Reading (process); Speech recognition; Psychology; Mathematics; Computer science; Linguistics; Natural language processing; Philosophy; Geometry; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006845946,0.0004985756,0.0003564786,0.0004805521,0.0001542858,0.0003350734,0.0001879207,0.0003399341,0.003924635],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004650879,0.0002313899,0.0002501725,0.0001987625,0.0007288435,0.000618071,0.0003811104,0.0004130987,0.0004297803],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001474462,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001322271,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006730519,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007311361,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996719,0.00007913463,0.00003568514,0.0001053888,0.00008365285,0.00002430973],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942217,0.003707196,0.001040027,0.0003620683,0.0003795779,0.0002892777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02354476,0.00248379,0.2617699,0.0005962619,0.0002664446,0.001482501,0.005684193,0.0005340419,0.6322602,0.0002619138,0.0001927996,0.0709231],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002594095,0.007522273,0.9571692,0.0000116161,0.000115618,0.001783668,0.0004325606,0.0008261774,0.03115981,0.0004089871,0.0002831094,0.00002753948],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994578,0.00005971575,0.0002682688,0.000006156807,0.000002078736,0.000009346666,0.0000188199,0.000004721911,0.0001731121],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990616,0.00004068787,0.0005575661,0.00001536321,0.00001055269,0.00001019339,0.00004494238,0.000009811688,0.0002491441],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003924635,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01312923,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01238535826594856,"score_gpt":0.3010870654154862,"score_spread":0.2887017071495377,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}