{"id":"W2067688481","doi":"10.3758/s13423-010-0042-0","title":"Time limits and gender differences on paper-and-pencil tests of mental rotation: a meta-analysis","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","topic":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","field":"Engineering","cited_by":172,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mental rotation; Psychology; Meta-analysis; Cognition; Developmental psychology; Pencil (optics); Psychiatry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004103972,0.0004368998,0.002882664,0.0001575154,0.0000414633,0.00003107624,0.000155923,0.0001797134,0.005439739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004622592,0.0003263454,0.0009766142,0.0002702101,0.00005973935,0.00003054398,0.00001973416,0.0003266905,0.0004808554],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002626099,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001776195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004826044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005523459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982437,0.0001648188,0.0008677179,0.0004028694,0.0001747215,0.000146124],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989207,0.0002548484,0.0003456745,0.0003329683,0.00004433369,0.0001014986],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001830987,0.00002907214,0.0000011452,0.02185922,0.01337487,5.822459e-7,0.00002991945,7.542508e-7,0.000002393771,0.00002499294,0.003181053,0.9614941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009028455,0.00002646835,0.0000284589,0.003118081,0.1009786,0.00001016528,0.000001403941,0.00001774673,5.037595e-7,0.00001530505,0.8954095,0.0003035239],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00002886563,0.9966323,0.000008058606,0.0001900169,0.0001154214,0.0009464024,0.00009836963,0.00004890457,0.001931638],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0001159999,0.9986327,0.0002751309,0.0002649795,0.00005382807,0.0002994336,0.0001779024,0.00003938768,0.0001406241],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9611906,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999189,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1177726011155228,"score_gpt":0.330618696951212,"score_spread":0.2128460958356892,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}