{"id":"W2067845723","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361:20021781","title":"Photospheric radius expansion X-ray bursts as standard candles","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","topic":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":393,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"","keywords":"Cosmic distance ladder; Luminosity; RADIUS; Globular cluster; Eddington luminosity; Critical radius; Photosphere; Apparent magnitude","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001946778,0.0003706022,0.0002869137,0.0012364,0.0003844381,0.001520798,0.0006584655,0.0002527259,0.001807275],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00880033,0.0002329721,0.0002449151,0.001185797,0.0005933415,0.001274151,0.001097217,0.0004066086,0.0004823409],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000472548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002733998,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002111489,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002808296,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994246,0.0001014852,0.00005782492,0.0001618426,0.0001654244,0.00008891956],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9936236,0.001620266,0.001619378,0.001929834,0.0007715668,0.000435393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006694933,0.00006550203,0.9074497,0.00008911156,0.0002012973,0.0003399149,0.0005003282,0.02278296,0.009466835,0.006015447,0.0009837706,0.05143571],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003388853,0.0001655335,0.9454021,0.00003219257,0.00008782918,0.001207328,0.000295666,0.0351615,0.007515954,0.004653279,0.005395612,0.00004908391],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9910856,0.0003654066,0.005004019,0.00002687087,0.00001115819,0.00001877272,0.0003137147,0.0001572221,0.003017267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9963673,0.0001018396,0.002336319,0.00001087128,0.000007537485,0.00001020016,0.0005347317,0.00003221671,0.0005990193],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002111489,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01029569,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00681268477357382,"score_gpt":0.2085621573869937,"score_spread":0.2017494726134199,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}