{"id":"W2067875747","doi":"10.1109/mpe.2014.2317963","title":"Northern Lights: Access to Electricity in Canada's Northern and Remote Communities","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Power and Energy Magazine","topic":"Photovoltaic Systems and Sustainability","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Resources Canada","keywords":"Electrification; Electricity; Renewable energy; Business; Obstacle; Agency (philosophy); Environmental economics; Telecommunications; Engineering; Geography; Economics; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002218591,0.0001432657,0.0002019526,0.00003801188,0.0001018463,0.00004320533,0.0002040744,0.00003814174,0.00005857864],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002684974,0.0001201142,0.00001466105,0.0001882266,0.00006596645,0.0001167844,0.0001543659,0.00008611613,0.000005447494],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004060307,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006075915,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9899071,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9994839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990306,0.00009604565,0.000190853,0.0002143764,0.0001726952,0.0002954521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994544,0.00006656852,0.0000355563,0.0002663802,0.00001869712,0.0001583721],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004344053,0.00003249097,0.9632651,0.00001689603,0.000007784621,0.00001297056,0.0009572726,0.001096533,0.00129536,0.00001799657,0.001591727,0.03166243],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003406472,0.00008811204,0.8685482,0.00001883649,0.000004460299,0.00001364827,0.0002402663,0.003763787,0.0006557824,0.0008728515,0.1251547,0.0002986839],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9883104,0.0000518288,0.0003770196,0.0003793334,0.0000893509,0.00006308687,0.000003479957,0.00001289576,0.0107126],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985537,0.00002360577,0.00002758766,0.0007275633,0.00001872167,0.000006705799,0.000001835382,0.00001067785,0.0006296327],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.123563,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4898114,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005911659584948417,"score_gpt":0.1997020857803165,"score_spread":0.1937904261953681,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}