{"id":"W2069046083","doi":"10.2307/3552240","title":"Postsecondary Education in Canada: Returns to University, College and Trades Education","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Public Policy","topic":"Education Systems and Policy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":60,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Postsecondary education; Higher education; College education; Mathematics education; Political science; Medical education; Business; Demographic economics; Economics; Psychology; Economic growth; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002125211,0.0003798152,0.0006937109,0.00297511,0.008474379,0.006307983,0.002108461,0.003593667,0.01501726],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009034655,0.0003313333,0.0007536979,0.008815437,0.002644163,0.002439007,0.003118709,0.004045256,0.0008687989],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":true,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.1705143,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.2872249,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9970456,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.998962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9931282,0.0002304465,0.000121256,0.0001825987,0.001940794,0.004396824],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9855708,0.0008056073,0.0008823273,0.0001159391,0.004818442,0.007806788],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000740051,0.00039642,0.2172337,0.0007141807,0.0002038252,0.0008149599,0.006423353,0.002699011,0.0004140263,0.1759623,0.3867364,0.2076617],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001070645,0.00009643508,0.7195937,0.001090638,0.0001568814,0.0002767757,0.02007563,0.00258305,0.0007343824,0.01285113,0.2422762,0.0001581374],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3821375,0.06295586,0.0006210821,0.4104154,0.001282424,0.0001247121,0.01537478,0.0001698271,0.1269184],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8962657,0.03012365,0.0004728686,0.01366903,0.0002762889,0.00003430762,0.003884633,0.00007487807,0.05519861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8294857,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9620858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01078217044820711,"score_gpt":0.2614625610357994,"score_spread":0.2506803905875923,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}