{"id":"W2069106869","doi":"10.2118/1112-0072-jpt","title":"Research and Development at Universities: Worldwide Change in Petroleum Engineering","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Petroleum Technology","topic":"Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Petroleum engineering; Petroleum; Petroleum industry; Oil shale; Unconventional oil; Fossil fuel; Shale oil extraction; Engineering; Enhanced oil recovery; Waste management; Geology; Environmental engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0270084,0.001110215,0.001215015,0.003311143,0.0100063,0.01873045,0.00298923,0.01800131,0.02938887],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02901238,0.0006169404,0.001128728,0.0063542,0.0123856,0.0246991,0.01465534,0.01396268,0.01172503],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01487923,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03803354,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009726822,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009346605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.976164,0.006911244,0.001646491,0.002996681,0.007301636,0.004979912],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9376273,0.007708151,0.002058166,0.004106902,0.01647961,0.03201981],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001236053,0.0001783079,0.003161977,0.0006274178,0.00004023713,0.0003313883,0.003186625,0.0003748879,0.001060734,0.2027177,0.5119622,0.2762348],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001414631,0.00005321416,0.002017361,0.0002645068,0.000008014928,0.0001426801,0.003209861,0.000179013,0.0002767031,0.02122475,0.9725708,0.00003890525],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.00328553,0.02822533,0.002473445,0.9371987,0.009559821,0.00001793432,0.0001720202,0.0002257289,0.01884147],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.27044,0.08733701,0.01837284,0.4856786,0.01975148,0.000170239,0.0008057127,0.0006064451,0.1168377],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9729916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1428358,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03992177989936181,"score_gpt":0.307691718648737,"score_spread":0.2677699387493752,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}