{"id":"W2069986276","doi":"10.1002/j.2333-8504.2004.tb01952.x","title":"TOWARD ACCESSIBLE COMPUTER‐BASED TESTS: PROTOTYPES FOR VISUAL AND OTHER DISABILITIES","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ETS Research Report Series","topic":"Digital Accessibility for Disabilities","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Toronto; Advanced Technology Research Council","keywords":"Formative assessment; Blindness; Psychology; Test (biology); Learning disability; Visual impairment; Medical education; Computerized adaptive testing; Applied psychology; Assistive technology; Computer science; Mathematics education; Human–computer interaction; Clinical psychology; Developmental psychology; Optometry; Psychometrics; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01031418,0.0005146759,0.0002464581,0.0006827836,0.0003195763,0.001405267,0.00187002,0.00115343,0.004130674],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0276905,0.0002916188,0.0005338928,0.000373105,0.0009156867,0.002059188,0.001254183,0.0009010058,0.000662958],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006639004,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007449744,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001612586,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001924493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9935888,0.004601718,0.0003489895,0.0001973324,0.0009522322,0.000311066],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9859195,0.0102987,0.0004141188,0.0007923063,0.001712524,0.0008629347],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002374977,0.02009891,0.02951534,0.002286071,0.00008059345,0.002167227,0.04238991,0.008665572,0.05673949,0.009186489,0.01223868,0.8142568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.008255014,0.1373921,0.1865133,0.006344839,0.0007023209,0.01208395,0.05629748,0.08952656,0.1855566,0.03580134,0.280392,0.001134513],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8860674,0.0004168357,0.09746031,0.000841991,0.0001763934,0.005079202,0.0002086704,0.001039034,0.0087102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6754227,0.0005577109,0.3152771,0.0002832102,0.00004048964,0.002990511,0.0004188376,0.0001044481,0.004904913],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01031418,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05454725,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1843955837931545,"score_gpt":0.4780755513786063,"score_spread":0.2936799675854518,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}